As of the end of 2025, there were approximately 1,600‑1,800 tertiary‑A hospitals across China, accounting for less than 5% of the country’s total hospitals. Yet they handle over 40% of national outpatient and inpatient visits and nearly 40% of all hospital discharges. Jiangxi Province has 76 tertiary‑A hospitals, 21 of which are located in Nanchang — accounting for nearly 30% of the provincial total, including Jiangxi Provincial Cancer Hospital.

Imbalanced supply‑demand dynamics and uneven distribution of medical resources drive patients to converge on large‑scale hospitals. This places excessive workload pressure on healthcare staff, erodes patients’ medical‑care experience, and breeds patient dissatisfaction. According to 2025 data released by the National Health Commission, the annual number of complaints against medical institutions nationwide has nearly tripled compared with a decade ago. Conflicts are heavily concentrated in oncology, critical‑care and other departments. While delivering clinical treatment, medical staff also face the challenge of addressing the psychological needs of patients and their families, as well as alleviating anxiety, fear and other emotional distress among patients and caregivers.